140 studies made while working the idea out — the sphere on the roofline, the stone that carries it, the craft that raised it, and the city that follows. These are concepts, not buildings: none of them has been engineered.
Classical mass with a sphere at the peak. The building keeps its stone and its proportion; what changes is that the roofline now does work.










































Closer studies in the material itself — arch, vault, rubble wall, and a sphere carried on a stone tower. No glass curtain, no steel frame.

















How this was done before the machine: quarry, block, crane and hand. The methods the lost-century timeline argues we set down rather than outgrew.






































The wider view — what a city looks like when light is the utility and the grand civic building is the plant.










































